"Tradition ist nicht die Anbetung der Asche, sondern die Bewahrung und das Weiterreichen des Feuers" - Gustav Mahler
Tuesday, 10 August 2010
Martinů new opera - Big Launch
Big launch for the unfinished Martinů opera Le Jour de bonté (The day of charity). Czech label Arco Diva has made the world premiere recording. It gets a big launch on November 14th at Leicester Square in London - "a multi media event" film, live performance, discussion, etc. Martinů completed (more or less) the first two acts, so the fragment runs 73 minutes, enough to give an idea what it might have been like. A young couple set off from their native village to do acts of kindness in the world. Apparently, the music's based on piano and percussion, no flutes or horns. The CD is already available, so we can brush up in advance of the launch. Please read HERE about Martinů's Julietta, which is wonderful! That's on CD too, now.
Monday, 9 August 2010
Hubert Parry out of the ghetto Proms
Sir Charles Hubert H Parry, scion of the aristocracy, Eton toff and Oxford don. Who could be more Establishment? The irony is that the posher people come, often the less bothered they are by what others think. Parry's been in the ghetto for decades because he's identified with a world that disappeared in 1914. Unfortunately some of his champions would like him ring fenced for themselves, stuffed like a specimen in an antique shop.
So it's wonderful to hear so much Hubert Parry this year at the Proms, played by living musicians. A good chance to evaluate him, and hear how well his music works for modern times. Because he's good. Maybe we'll appreciate him all the more after last year's Proms darling, the venal Charles Villiers Stanford (search on this site for more on Stanford, on whom I've spent an inordinate amount of time).
Parry couldn't stand Stanford, though they maintained a working relationship for 40 years. Stanford was vain, self-promoting, financially dodgy, far more interested in furthering his status over everything else. Parry devoted himself to helping others, was a genuinely loved teacher and always learning. Stanford went into fits when Elgar got attention. Parry supported Elgar early on. Elgar even asked Parry's help setting words with "proper" intonation, since Elgar spoke with a rustic regional burr and Parry spoke fancy.
And Parry was European, interested in what was going on in the world. Listen to Parry's Elegy for Brahms Prom 31 rebroadcast. Parry liked Brahms's "dignified artistic reserve.....the cultivated comprehensive taste, the imagination fostered and fed by dwelling on noble subjects and keeping far from triviality and conventions." Pointedly not Wagner, though he may be taking a dig at Stanford, too. (Parry's dislike for "neurasthenic" music is similar to Wagner's dislike of Mendelssohn. Parry describes Stanford as "mendelssohnian....but not Mendelssohn".)
It's interesting that Schoenberg shared Parry's passion for Brahms, whom he regarded as a progressive. What fun it would be to hear Schoenberg's lively Orchestration of Brahms's Piano Quartet no 1 together with Parry and Brahms himself, putting paid to several stereotypes at once.
Parry's Elegy for Brahms, despite its obvious references, is individual, not-quite-Wagner, but pure Parry. Read Jeremy Dibble's indispensable book on Parry for a full description. Andrew Davis conducted the uplifting finale with such conviction that it seemed like the breaking of a new dawn, rather than a farewell.
Parry's Symphonic Fantasia in B Minor "1912" was heard at Prom 9 (Siniasky BBC Phil). Parry was fascinated by Schumann's Fourth Symphony, subtitled "symphonic fantasie". Read Jeremy Dibble for a detailed analysis. Dibble notes that the sophisticated cyclic techniques Parry uses to develop his themes herald Schoenberg. "It is remarkable", he adds "that the Symphonic Fantasia should take such a forward-looking attitude to modern structural procedures..... it merits a firmer place in the canon of cyclic works and perhaps more important still, deserves to be widely recognized as one of the finest and assured utterances in British symphonic literature".
Symphonic Fantasia evolves in four stages, "Stress", "Love", "Play" and a particularly striking "Now!" its meaning elusive but hinted at in its vibrant expressiveness. Parry marks the various sub themes and developments not with conventional German or Italian terms, but with words like "brooding" and "revolt" which allow interpretive freedom. Its open-ended, free-spirited nature welcomes new performers, inviting them in, rather than imposing on them.
A bit, I suspect, like Parry the man who embraced life to the full. His eccentric wife was a suffragette and he had strong doubts about militarism. He died in 1918, aged 70 (old in those days) after an all-day cycling adventure, soon after having undergone surgery. Up and down the Sussex Downs riding a monstrously heavy 2 gear bicycle and solid tweed plus fours, he developed a cyst which poisoned his system. What a character he must have been!
Tomorrow, 10th August, Parry will be commemorated by the 3 Choirs Festival in a special concert at Highnam Church, near Parry's estate, which he loved dearly .He visited it a last time, shortly before he died. The extensive gardens had gone to ruin, the gardeners drafted to fight in the First World War. Ashley Grote will be conducting the St Cecilia Singers in Parry's Songs of Farewell, (1916-18) It's long sold out, but hopefully may be heard later on BBC Radio 3. Later in The Proms, there'll be yet more Parry, Symphonic Variations (Prom 68) and of course, Jerusalem. Read about Jerusalem HERE . Good video clip and singing. The piece colours up differently when you think what it might have meant to men like Blake, Parry and Elgar.
Respect what Parry told his students: "A man may utter artistic things with the technique of a superhuman conjuror, but if he has not temperament and character of his own he is....a spinner of superficialities and a tinkling cackler".
Please see my review of the documentary, The Prince and the Composer, HRH Prince Charles on Hubert Parry.
So it's wonderful to hear so much Hubert Parry this year at the Proms, played by living musicians. A good chance to evaluate him, and hear how well his music works for modern times. Because he's good. Maybe we'll appreciate him all the more after last year's Proms darling, the venal Charles Villiers Stanford (search on this site for more on Stanford, on whom I've spent an inordinate amount of time).
Parry couldn't stand Stanford, though they maintained a working relationship for 40 years. Stanford was vain, self-promoting, financially dodgy, far more interested in furthering his status over everything else. Parry devoted himself to helping others, was a genuinely loved teacher and always learning. Stanford went into fits when Elgar got attention. Parry supported Elgar early on. Elgar even asked Parry's help setting words with "proper" intonation, since Elgar spoke with a rustic regional burr and Parry spoke fancy.
And Parry was European, interested in what was going on in the world. Listen to Parry's Elegy for Brahms Prom 31 rebroadcast. Parry liked Brahms's "dignified artistic reserve.....the cultivated comprehensive taste, the imagination fostered and fed by dwelling on noble subjects and keeping far from triviality and conventions." Pointedly not Wagner, though he may be taking a dig at Stanford, too. (Parry's dislike for "neurasthenic" music is similar to Wagner's dislike of Mendelssohn. Parry describes Stanford as "mendelssohnian....but not Mendelssohn".)
It's interesting that Schoenberg shared Parry's passion for Brahms, whom he regarded as a progressive. What fun it would be to hear Schoenberg's lively Orchestration of Brahms's Piano Quartet no 1 together with Parry and Brahms himself, putting paid to several stereotypes at once.
Parry's Elegy for Brahms, despite its obvious references, is individual, not-quite-Wagner, but pure Parry. Read Jeremy Dibble's indispensable book on Parry for a full description. Andrew Davis conducted the uplifting finale with such conviction that it seemed like the breaking of a new dawn, rather than a farewell.
Parry's Symphonic Fantasia in B Minor "1912" was heard at Prom 9 (Siniasky BBC Phil). Parry was fascinated by Schumann's Fourth Symphony, subtitled "symphonic fantasie". Read Jeremy Dibble for a detailed analysis. Dibble notes that the sophisticated cyclic techniques Parry uses to develop his themes herald Schoenberg. "It is remarkable", he adds "that the Symphonic Fantasia should take such a forward-looking attitude to modern structural procedures..... it merits a firmer place in the canon of cyclic works and perhaps more important still, deserves to be widely recognized as one of the finest and assured utterances in British symphonic literature".
A bit, I suspect, like Parry the man who embraced life to the full. His eccentric wife was a suffragette and he had strong doubts about militarism. He died in 1918, aged 70 (old in those days) after an all-day cycling adventure, soon after having undergone surgery. Up and down the Sussex Downs riding a monstrously heavy 2 gear bicycle and solid tweed plus fours, he developed a cyst which poisoned his system. What a character he must have been!
Tomorrow, 10th August, Parry will be commemorated by the 3 Choirs Festival in a special concert at Highnam Church, near Parry's estate, which he loved dearly .He visited it a last time, shortly before he died. The extensive gardens had gone to ruin, the gardeners drafted to fight in the First World War. Ashley Grote will be conducting the St Cecilia Singers in Parry's Songs of Farewell, (1916-18) It's long sold out, but hopefully may be heard later on BBC Radio 3. Later in The Proms, there'll be yet more Parry, Symphonic Variations (Prom 68) and of course, Jerusalem. Read about Jerusalem HERE . Good video clip and singing. The piece colours up differently when you think what it might have meant to men like Blake, Parry and Elgar.
Respect what Parry told his students: "A man may utter artistic things with the technique of a superhuman conjuror, but if he has not temperament and character of his own he is....a spinner of superficialities and a tinkling cackler".
Please see my review of the documentary, The Prince and the Composer, HRH Prince Charles on Hubert Parry.
Glyndebourne 2011 officially out
Glyndebourne's 2011 programme is now officially out and can be seen on the Glyndebourne site. The BIG draw will be Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, so hot that tickets are restricted to two per application. The good news is that it will be conducted by Vladimir Jurowski (though I'm not entirely enamoured of his Wagner). The maybe not so good news is that it will be directed by David McVicar, but on the other hand he can be good, too, sometimes.
The other new production is Handel's Rinaldo, conducted by Ottavio Dantone, directed by Robert Carsen, who directed Semele and Orlando for William Christie at Aix-en-Provence. Sounds promising.
This year's Don Giovanni will be back, cast as yet unconfirmed. This time round conductor is the very trendy Robin Ticciati, who makes up for extreme youth with charm. Perhaps this time round the newspapers will have figured out why there are flames in Act 1 and why Don G is dressed as a sleazeball. Although the 2010 production will be screened on British TV at Xmas and is already available to non UK audiences on medicitv, it is definitely worth experiencing live. Read more about it HERE.
Other slightly older revivals are Rusalka (2009), and L'elisir d'amore (2007). I'm going bto make an effort to get to The Turn of The Screw (2006) based on the touring version, because I missed it last time, and want to know how Joanthan Kent approached its staging difficulties The photos look intriguing, not that you can judge by those alone.
The other new production is Handel's Rinaldo, conducted by Ottavio Dantone, directed by Robert Carsen, who directed Semele and Orlando for William Christie at Aix-en-Provence. Sounds promising.
This year's Don Giovanni will be back, cast as yet unconfirmed. This time round conductor is the very trendy Robin Ticciati, who makes up for extreme youth with charm. Perhaps this time round the newspapers will have figured out why there are flames in Act 1 and why Don G is dressed as a sleazeball. Although the 2010 production will be screened on British TV at Xmas and is already available to non UK audiences on medicitv, it is definitely worth experiencing live. Read more about it HERE.
Other slightly older revivals are Rusalka (2009), and L'elisir d'amore (2007). I'm going bto make an effort to get to The Turn of The Screw (2006) based on the touring version, because I missed it last time, and want to know how Joanthan Kent approached its staging difficulties The photos look intriguing, not that you can judge by those alone.
Nagasaki Christians Macau War
This picture looks like desert scrub. In fact it's Nagasaki, after the atomic bomb hit on 9th August 1945. In Hiroshima, a torii in a shrine was partly spared the devastation all round it. In Nagasaki, the Catholic Cathedral was the only structure left standing. (that's it on the hillside) Most of its parishioners didn't survive.
"Why Nagasaki?" some asked, for this was a most westernized, liberal city. Nagasaki was where St Francis Xavier preached to the Japanese, converting hundreds of thousands. Nagasaki began trading with the Portuguese in 1543. Huge vessels sailed from Lisbon carrying silver and weapons in exchange for silk and porcelain. "The Black Ships" inspired Nanban art. From Nagasaki, many Japanese travelled west, to Macau, to Goa and to Europe.
Japanese Christians built Macau's St Paul's Cathedral, Japanese baroque, mixing Asian and western imagery. Read about it here (photos are mine) Macanese genes are probably more Japanese than anything else. What an irony! When the Japanese invaded South China, thousands of Macanese, who'd emigrated to Hong Kong, Shanghai and Canton, were forced back to Macau as refugees. So the circle turns.
Japanese Catholics went underground after their religion was banned early in the 17th century, and re-emerged nearly 300 years later, their faith intact. Because Nagasaki was a Christian centre, many Japanese Christians joined the Navy. There is a story that, weeks after the fall of Hong Kong, the Macanese community were worshipping in Rosary Church. In marched a Japanese naval contingent. Everyone panicked. But it turned out that these Japanese were Catholic, and had just come to hear Mass like everyone else. So much for stereotypes and divisions between people.
Please take time to explore this blog as there is a lot on Nagasaki. Macau, Japanese and Chinese culture, non violence, war, Hiroshima, multi cultural things like mixed race communities (beyond Puccini!) .Things on this site you will not find elsewhere. Like THIS, a study of a Buddhist response to the madness of violence, in the film Burmese Harp.
"Why Nagasaki?" some asked, for this was a most westernized, liberal city. Nagasaki was where St Francis Xavier preached to the Japanese, converting hundreds of thousands. Nagasaki began trading with the Portuguese in 1543. Huge vessels sailed from Lisbon carrying silver and weapons in exchange for silk and porcelain. "The Black Ships" inspired Nanban art. From Nagasaki, many Japanese travelled west, to Macau, to Goa and to Europe.
Japanese Christians built Macau's St Paul's Cathedral, Japanese baroque, mixing Asian and western imagery. Read about it here (photos are mine) Macanese genes are probably more Japanese than anything else. What an irony! When the Japanese invaded South China, thousands of Macanese, who'd emigrated to Hong Kong, Shanghai and Canton, were forced back to Macau as refugees. So the circle turns.
Japanese Catholics went underground after their religion was banned early in the 17th century, and re-emerged nearly 300 years later, their faith intact. Because Nagasaki was a Christian centre, many Japanese Christians joined the Navy. There is a story that, weeks after the fall of Hong Kong, the Macanese community were worshipping in Rosary Church. In marched a Japanese naval contingent. Everyone panicked. But it turned out that these Japanese were Catholic, and had just come to hear Mass like everyone else. So much for stereotypes and divisions between people.
Please take time to explore this blog as there is a lot on Nagasaki. Macau, Japanese and Chinese culture, non violence, war, Hiroshima, multi cultural things like mixed race communities (beyond Puccini!) .Things on this site you will not find elsewhere. Like THIS, a study of a Buddhist response to the madness of violence, in the film Burmese Harp.
Sunday, 8 August 2010
Prom 28 BCMG Knussen Bedford Abrahamsen Benjamin
The BCMG (Birmingham Contemporary Music Group) came to late night Prom 28, with a programme of Hans Abrahamsen, Luke Bedford, Oliver Knussen and George Benjamin. (photo credit Pepe Araneda)Hans Abrahamsen's Wald (2008-9) is a joint commission between the BBC and the Asko/Schönberg Ensemble, The title hadn't really registered on me before listening, but my first impressions were of dense textures, multiple layers of strange, half-heard sounds, which keep moving forward, into "clearings" of greater lightness. Like exploring a mysterious woodland, where sights are half-glimpsed in shadows, and invisible creatures teem in the undergrowth. Percussion on the right, distanced from the rest of orchestra, clustered around piano and marimba. Layers on layers. A primeval past is evoked by natural horns, and the creatures of the forest by scuttling, scattering techniques on strings and low winds. Read the programme notes by Julian Anderson for more.
"Music is pictures of music", says Abrahamsen. "That is a strong underlying element in my world of ideas when I compose - as is the fictional aspect that one moves around in an imaginary space of music. What one hears is pictures - basically, music is already there." Wald is a beautiful work, which goes far beyond literal representation. It works when you enter the mood, experiencing it on its own terms.
I've written about Abrahamsen's Schnee, which is also very organic, the layers building up like falling snow, muffling and changing what is heard. A good friend thinks it's the most boring piece ever, "like watching snow fall". So the atmosphere doesn't work for everyone, but for me it's like Buddhist prayer, very purifying. It's out on CD now.
Luke Bedford's another exceptionally interesting composer/ LOTS about him on this site, follow the labels and search! Or voit tout en aventure bowled me over when I first heard it in 2006, for it is a truly remarkable piece, one of the most voice-friendly works in the repertoire. Claire Booth looks about 8 months pregnant now, and I worried about the strain on her, but Bedford's lines move like speech, rising and falling naturally. Crescendi build up gently, so Booth can breathe effortlessly into the words. Or voit tout en aventure is already something of a perennial, and Booth's been singing it with BCMG from its premiere. This, too, is on CD, an essential, I think. Bedford's written an opera, scheduled for 2011.
More layers with Oliver Knussen's Two Organa (1994). Only six minutes in total, but densely constructeed. The first part uses only white notes, dizzying polyphonic fireworks over a deeper pulse of plainchant. The second adds a secret puzzle: Schoenberg's name is spelt in pitches, concealed in joyous cross-harmonies.
George Benjamin was due to conduct this Prom with his Three Inventions for Chamber Orchestra. Although he wasn't there, this was ironically a fitting tribute to Benjamin's bereavement, for one of these inventions was written in memoriam of Olivier Messaien, Benjamin's creative father figure. It quickly segues into the longer, elegaic Lento titled Alexander Goehr, who is most certainly still alive, but the overall thrust feels dignified, respect warmed by love.
I was very impressed by Ilan Volkov, called in at short notice. When he conducted the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, it often felt like something was being held back. I wonder now that it was the orchestra itself, who may be happier with one of their own. Volkov is young, eclectic and an outsider. He deserves an orchestra that appreciates him. He's still principal guest conductor at BBCSSO, but hopefully, he'll find a niche in London or in mainland Europe.
Saturday, 7 August 2010
We are Frank Chickens!
Frank Chickens has been voted best British Comedy Act in 30 years, thanks to some Anglo male artist trashing them because he didn't know who they were. This is a true Frank Chickens moment, thousands of people voted for them in protest. Now, after 25 years plus Frank Chickens is back in the limelight.
Frank Chickens were two radical feminist Japanese girls living iin London in the early 80's on the fringe of the alternative music underground. No-one else remotely was like them, they were true originals in those fairly uptight free improvisation art music circles, which included Pere Ubu, The Art Bears, Robert Wyatt, Fred Frith, The egg and I, Bang on a Can and a very young Heiner Goebbels. They were the zaniest of the lot! They paid for the first London Musicians Collective building, because they were the only ones who had any money.
I remember them singing the C&W hit "Four walls" where the walls call out to the singer "hello, hello" Nashville, completely subverted, the song made surreal and avant garde. Frank Chickens are still going strong. Here's their website.
Frank Chickens were two radical feminist Japanese girls living iin London in the early 80's on the fringe of the alternative music underground. No-one else remotely was like them, they were true originals in those fairly uptight free improvisation art music circles, which included Pere Ubu, The Art Bears, Robert Wyatt, Fred Frith, The egg and I, Bang on a Can and a very young Heiner Goebbels. They were the zaniest of the lot! They paid for the first London Musicians Collective building, because they were the only ones who had any money.
I remember them singing the C&W hit "Four walls" where the walls call out to the singer "hello, hello" Nashville, completely subverted, the song made surreal and avant garde. Frank Chickens are still going strong. Here's their website.
Friday, 6 August 2010
Gergiev Mahler 4 & 5 Prom 26
When Gergiev conducted Mahler's Fourth symphony at the Barbican in 2008, my friend and I were seated across the aisle from each other. At first we were numb. Then, spontaneously, we looked at each other in horror. "The worst experience of my concert-going life," said my friend, who has been listening for over six decades. Would Prom 26 be better?
This time Gergiev conducted the World Orchestra for Peace, founded by George Solti in 1995. There are lots of summer season orchestras like these. Some, like the Lucerne Festival Orchestra, really are astounding, attracting the best musicians in the world, fired by intense musical passion. Others, like Barenboim's West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, are genuinely "orchestras for peace", where the players risk their lives to participate. They don't have money to train, travel, etc. so it's a real an act of faith when they come together. Musically, they're pretty good, considering. But pulling together musicians from all over doesn't automatically ensure anything.
Perhaps Gergiev has learned from the débacle of his Mahler cycler in 2008. This Mahler 4 was less self indulgent, but also without character. The LSO musicians then looked shocked, but at least that gave the performance tension since Gergiev wanted them to go one way, and they, with their extensive experience, didn't. This time, everyone was on best behaviour but the result was curiously inert. When music is basically as good as this, there always will be people who enjoy it. But separating performance from the music itself is another matter. There were some nice details, as to be expected, but overall there wasn't much coherence. Nothing offensive, but nothing of insight. Not even in the cataclysm at the end of the third movement, which marks the passage from death to the afterlife.
At least this time round Gergiev had a decent soloist who realizes that Das himmlische Leben isn't a West End show tune. On the other hand, there's more to it than feast after famine. Camilla Tilling was one of Ben Zander's discoveries years ago, and has matured. Good move to choose her, she delivered well.
In theory an extremely good conductor could carry off Mahler 4 and 5 in the same programme. There are links, but it would take a real Mahler specialist to bring them out. The Fifth can be played with chamber-like lucidity, reflecting the grace of the Fourth . But here they don't connect. The Fifth is popular when it's loud so no doubt there will have been many who enjoyed this more than I could, though I tried..
Please listen to the Orchestre de Paris Mahler cycle online. It's wonderful, a fabulous resource, and links to Henry-Louis de La Grange talk too.
This time Gergiev conducted the World Orchestra for Peace, founded by George Solti in 1995. There are lots of summer season orchestras like these. Some, like the Lucerne Festival Orchestra, really are astounding, attracting the best musicians in the world, fired by intense musical passion. Others, like Barenboim's West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, are genuinely "orchestras for peace", where the players risk their lives to participate. They don't have money to train, travel, etc. so it's a real an act of faith when they come together. Musically, they're pretty good, considering. But pulling together musicians from all over doesn't automatically ensure anything.
Perhaps Gergiev has learned from the débacle of his Mahler cycler in 2008. This Mahler 4 was less self indulgent, but also without character. The LSO musicians then looked shocked, but at least that gave the performance tension since Gergiev wanted them to go one way, and they, with their extensive experience, didn't. This time, everyone was on best behaviour but the result was curiously inert. When music is basically as good as this, there always will be people who enjoy it. But separating performance from the music itself is another matter. There were some nice details, as to be expected, but overall there wasn't much coherence. Nothing offensive, but nothing of insight. Not even in the cataclysm at the end of the third movement, which marks the passage from death to the afterlife.
At least this time round Gergiev had a decent soloist who realizes that Das himmlische Leben isn't a West End show tune. On the other hand, there's more to it than feast after famine. Camilla Tilling was one of Ben Zander's discoveries years ago, and has matured. Good move to choose her, she delivered well.
In theory an extremely good conductor could carry off Mahler 4 and 5 in the same programme. There are links, but it would take a real Mahler specialist to bring them out. The Fifth can be played with chamber-like lucidity, reflecting the grace of the Fourth . But here they don't connect. The Fifth is popular when it's loud so no doubt there will have been many who enjoyed this more than I could, though I tried..
Please listen to the Orchestre de Paris Mahler cycle online. It's wonderful, a fabulous resource, and links to Henry-Louis de La Grange talk too.
Masaki Kobayashi The Human Condition
Clocks stopped at Hiroshima at 0815 on Monday 6th August 1945. Immediately, the justifications began. But can mass murder ever be condond? Who decides who's "good" and who's "bad" ? So I want to commemorate this day with Masaki Kobayashi, The Human Condition. It is a monumental epic, a trilogy that lasts nearly ten hours, without breaks. Like Wagner's Ring, it's extremely demanding emotionally, but the effort is worthwhile. These films will change you, if you engage with them, and let them work on your soul.
Based on a six-volume novel by Junpei Gomikawa, The Human Condition is set in wartime Japan. Japan doesn't have mineral resources, so it occupied Manchuria in 1931. Effectively, the province was turned into a gigantic slave camp, Manchurian and Chinese workers drafted in to work under horrific conditions.
At head office in Japan, a young idealist called Kaji (Tatsuya Nakadai) thinks treating workers well increases production. So he's sent to Manchuria where he come up against reality. The dread secret police, the Kempetai, use the mines to dispose of political prisoners. Kaji gets set up by corrupt officials, but not before witnessing the defiance of some Chinese prisoners. As one is about to be beheaded, he shouts against tyranny. When the Kempetai try to kill Kaji, the Chinese prisoners march on the Japanese with nothing but moral force, and the Kempetai back down.
For his pains, Kaji is sent to a danger unit in the Army, but proves his moral worth. He avoids killing but one day kills a Russian hand to hand. He feels guilt, even though he will be the sole survivor of his unit, which gets massacred. Kaji ends up in a Siberian POW camp much like the one he used to run. Again he's set up by venal bullies, but decides to escape, against all odds. Of course he ends up dead, but he's liberated.
Notice that the book was written very soon after the war and filmed by Kobayashi from 1959 when memories were still fresh and painful. Kobayashi was himself a soldier in Manchuria, and a leftist. There were a lot of Japanese socialists, although it was a criminal offence. Masao Ohki, who wrote the Hiroshima Symphony, was another one. The Japanese were certainly not all western movie caricatures.
The film is shocking because it deals with things like death camps and comfort women and the massacres that followed the Russian advance. Yet what's really striking is the way people are portrayed with dignity, even to some extent the villains. Despite unrelenting degradation, Kaji learns what it is to be truly human. He doesn't betray his principles, and in the end he defies the system, just as the Chinese he watched being beheaded stood up to their oppressors.
These films mean a lot to me. In China, no-one wasn't affected by the Japanese invasion. Obviously, millions traumatized. Because I used to do so much about the war in China, I came across many remarkable stories, where people didn't react with hate. Even stories like Kaji's, men caught up in situations not of their choosing and having to take a stand. In one incident in Hong Kong, 35 people were beheaded in one day, to intimidate the population. One man, an elderly Christian pastor, who'd studied at Cambridge, comforted each victim. He was the last to die, but after cutting 35 heads, the sword gets blunt, it's gruesome. Yet Reverend Wong continued praying to the end, forgiving his killers. The Human Condition is a movie, but many stories like it in real life.
Based on a six-volume novel by Junpei Gomikawa, The Human Condition is set in wartime Japan. Japan doesn't have mineral resources, so it occupied Manchuria in 1931. Effectively, the province was turned into a gigantic slave camp, Manchurian and Chinese workers drafted in to work under horrific conditions.
At head office in Japan, a young idealist called Kaji (Tatsuya Nakadai) thinks treating workers well increases production. So he's sent to Manchuria where he come up against reality. The dread secret police, the Kempetai, use the mines to dispose of political prisoners. Kaji gets set up by corrupt officials, but not before witnessing the defiance of some Chinese prisoners. As one is about to be beheaded, he shouts against tyranny. When the Kempetai try to kill Kaji, the Chinese prisoners march on the Japanese with nothing but moral force, and the Kempetai back down.
For his pains, Kaji is sent to a danger unit in the Army, but proves his moral worth. He avoids killing but one day kills a Russian hand to hand. He feels guilt, even though he will be the sole survivor of his unit, which gets massacred. Kaji ends up in a Siberian POW camp much like the one he used to run. Again he's set up by venal bullies, but decides to escape, against all odds. Of course he ends up dead, but he's liberated.
Notice that the book was written very soon after the war and filmed by Kobayashi from 1959 when memories were still fresh and painful. Kobayashi was himself a soldier in Manchuria, and a leftist. There were a lot of Japanese socialists, although it was a criminal offence. Masao Ohki, who wrote the Hiroshima Symphony, was another one. The Japanese were certainly not all western movie caricatures.
The film is shocking because it deals with things like death camps and comfort women and the massacres that followed the Russian advance. Yet what's really striking is the way people are portrayed with dignity, even to some extent the villains. Despite unrelenting degradation, Kaji learns what it is to be truly human. He doesn't betray his principles, and in the end he defies the system, just as the Chinese he watched being beheaded stood up to their oppressors.
These films mean a lot to me. In China, no-one wasn't affected by the Japanese invasion. Obviously, millions traumatized. Because I used to do so much about the war in China, I came across many remarkable stories, where people didn't react with hate. Even stories like Kaji's, men caught up in situations not of their choosing and having to take a stand. In one incident in Hong Kong, 35 people were beheaded in one day, to intimidate the population. One man, an elderly Christian pastor, who'd studied at Cambridge, comforted each victim. He was the last to die, but after cutting 35 heads, the sword gets blunt, it's gruesome. Yet Reverend Wong continued praying to the end, forgiving his killers. The Human Condition is a movie, but many stories like it in real life.
Thursday, 5 August 2010
Eschenbach talks Mahler with Henry-Louis de La Grange
Mahler specialist extraordinaire Professor Henry-Louis de La Grange discusses Mahler with Christoph Eschenbach. A whole series of short clips HERE on the Orchestre de Paris site. They discuss performance practice in the light of what's known of Mahler's mind and working methods. Prof. de La Grange knows all there is to know, so it's extremely useful for interpretation. Click on each of the little blank screens to hear the video.
To hear the symphonies, click HERE. This is probably the best cycle available online, masterful performances, full of insight. Mahler 5 has just been added and Mahler 4 comes on 15th August. On 15th September, Mahler 3. Watch and listen to these, they put the Proms into perspective. There is a Mahler 8 which I've written about, but it's an experimental performance, made for French TV. Eschenbach's been a regular at the Proms for years, but in this Mahler year, he's not there! Which is perhaps just as well as he'll eclipse most else.
To hear the symphonies, click HERE. This is probably the best cycle available online, masterful performances, full of insight. Mahler 5 has just been added and Mahler 4 comes on 15th August. On 15th September, Mahler 3. Watch and listen to these, they put the Proms into perspective. There is a Mahler 8 which I've written about, but it's an experimental performance, made for French TV. Eschenbach's been a regular at the Proms for years, but in this Mahler year, he's not there! Which is perhaps just as well as he'll eclipse most else.
Mahler 3rd Runnicles Prom 24
For my review of Mahler 7 Metzmacher please look HERE. For Mahler 9, Haitink in 2009 please see HERE.To be honest, I did not know what to make of Donald Runnicles's Mahler Third Symphony, Prom 24. Obviously it wouldn't be fair to compare it with the brilliant Abbado Mahler 3 at the Proms in 2007 (or his even better performance at Lucerne earlier that year). Runnicles has been appearing at the Proms for years (I liked his Gurrelieder in 2002). Now he's taken over from Ilan Volkov as Chief Conductor of the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, he's getting a massive publicity build-up. It is good for the US market, where he is well-known.
No Mahler Symphony no 3 can ever really disappoint, because it's glorious music. Even Gergiev's Mahler 3 was one of his finer moments, because he responded to the "inner demon" in this symphony. This may be the sunniest and happiest of all Mahler's symphonies, but there's a kick in it that's more Puck than Flower Fairies.
The first movement is capably set out. Runnicles goes for a sense of vastness, big open spaces. It's impressive, but as with all Mahler. struggle is of the essence. At the BBC Proms in 2005, Franz Welser-Möst conducted the Cleveland Orchestra in a quite remarkable Mahler 3 where the first movement actually felt like climbing mountains. Mahler was a hill walker, he knew that peaks aren't reached without struggle. This music moves like a series of peaks and plateaux, each summit revealing further challenges.
Mahler would have reached Steinbach-am-Attersee, on whose shores the symphony was written, through an arduous climb over a mountain pass. The hushed rumbling rolls of percussion evoked a sense of dark depths, struggling ever upwards. “Pan sleeps”, he wrote, "but gradually gleaming flashes of brass grow ever more insistent, as if something is stirring." Mahler wanted the effect of “a military band on parade, with such a mob (of onlookers) milling about”. There are several other marches here, a funeral, the procession of Dionysius and his drunken followers, and the journey through mountain peaks, and the onward rush of summer - and time - itself. Runnicles's vision is more magisterial, classically elegant, rather than dangerous.
In his original plans for the symphony, Mahler used the term “Pan awakes!”. As Donald Mitchell says, Mahler discarded his titles like a builder discards scaffolding when a building is complete: but ignore the original intention at your peril. Pan represents a disorder, a powerful life force that convention cannot withstand. He drives away winter, and all it symbolizes. So a sense of Pandemonium wouldn't be out of order. Listen to Jascha Horenstein for the dark heart of this symphony. Sometimes, just the manic whips of brass suffice to whip the music along. Here, though, they were more integrated into a more even-toned pace.
Runnicles's final movement impressed me more on relistening. He brings out its measured repose well, and Karen Cargill's dark timbre gave O Mensch depth. Vibrato, properly used, isn't a crime, and was valid in Mahler's time. The Royal Scottish National Orchestra Junior Chorus sang nice bimm-bamms, but children's choruses usually sound better when the kids are allowed more freedom. To riot, perhaps, as Pan might have liked. But with that resounding finale, all that is passed is wiped away in a blaze of light and colour. Good beginning, good ending, but it would have been good to get a better sense of the journey.
Please read about Esa-Pekka Salonen's Mahler 3 in June 2007, which marked the reopening of the Royal Festival Hall. Given the occasion, its brightness was appropriate, for this symphony celebrates "newness" - the coming of summer, invigorated freedom and creativity. Runnicles' Mahler 3 can perhaps be heard in that light, too, though it was more sedate. The BBCSSO and the Philharmonia Orchestra are very different, as is the Royal Albert Hall. .PLENTY of Mahler on this site, please use the labels and keep reading.
No Mahler Symphony no 3 can ever really disappoint, because it's glorious music. Even Gergiev's Mahler 3 was one of his finer moments, because he responded to the "inner demon" in this symphony. This may be the sunniest and happiest of all Mahler's symphonies, but there's a kick in it that's more Puck than Flower Fairies.
The first movement is capably set out. Runnicles goes for a sense of vastness, big open spaces. It's impressive, but as with all Mahler. struggle is of the essence. At the BBC Proms in 2005, Franz Welser-Möst conducted the Cleveland Orchestra in a quite remarkable Mahler 3 where the first movement actually felt like climbing mountains. Mahler was a hill walker, he knew that peaks aren't reached without struggle. This music moves like a series of peaks and plateaux, each summit revealing further challenges.
Mahler would have reached Steinbach-am-Attersee, on whose shores the symphony was written, through an arduous climb over a mountain pass. The hushed rumbling rolls of percussion evoked a sense of dark depths, struggling ever upwards. “Pan sleeps”, he wrote, "but gradually gleaming flashes of brass grow ever more insistent, as if something is stirring." Mahler wanted the effect of “a military band on parade, with such a mob (of onlookers) milling about”. There are several other marches here, a funeral, the procession of Dionysius and his drunken followers, and the journey through mountain peaks, and the onward rush of summer - and time - itself. Runnicles's vision is more magisterial, classically elegant, rather than dangerous.
In his original plans for the symphony, Mahler used the term “Pan awakes!”. As Donald Mitchell says, Mahler discarded his titles like a builder discards scaffolding when a building is complete: but ignore the original intention at your peril. Pan represents a disorder, a powerful life force that convention cannot withstand. He drives away winter, and all it symbolizes. So a sense of Pandemonium wouldn't be out of order. Listen to Jascha Horenstein for the dark heart of this symphony. Sometimes, just the manic whips of brass suffice to whip the music along. Here, though, they were more integrated into a more even-toned pace.
Runnicles's final movement impressed me more on relistening. He brings out its measured repose well, and Karen Cargill's dark timbre gave O Mensch depth. Vibrato, properly used, isn't a crime, and was valid in Mahler's time. The Royal Scottish National Orchestra Junior Chorus sang nice bimm-bamms, but children's choruses usually sound better when the kids are allowed more freedom. To riot, perhaps, as Pan might have liked. But with that resounding finale, all that is passed is wiped away in a blaze of light and colour. Good beginning, good ending, but it would have been good to get a better sense of the journey.
Please read about Esa-Pekka Salonen's Mahler 3 in June 2007, which marked the reopening of the Royal Festival Hall. Given the occasion, its brightness was appropriate, for this symphony celebrates "newness" - the coming of summer, invigorated freedom and creativity. Runnicles' Mahler 3 can perhaps be heard in that light, too, though it was more sedate. The BBCSSO and the Philharmonia Orchestra are very different, as is the Royal Albert Hall. .PLENTY of Mahler on this site, please use the labels and keep reading.
Lewis Smoley on Varèse New York
A little late but here's an account of the Edgard Varèse concert at the Alice Tully Hall in New York in July, by Lewis Smoley. LOTS more on Varèse on this site, please explore! Even a link to a full download of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, where the composer appears as an actor.
Elgar conducts Elgar The Kingdom
Elgar conducts his own The Kingdom in a historic recording from the 1920's.This Saturday, it will be conducted by Andrew Partington at the 3 Choirs festival in Gloucester. Good soloists. Good orchestra - the Philharmonia. I have a ticket and with luck I'll be there. Some tickets still available, see 3 Choirs site.
Tuesday, 3 August 2010
Danses Macabres - Ravel, Ligeti, Benjamin, Mozart Prom 22
Danses macabres at Prom 22, with Mozart, Ligeti, George Benjamin and Ravel. Pierre-Laurent Aimard led the procession with Mozart's Piano Concerto no 7 (K595), using Mozart's own cadenzas. By Aimard's usual glorious standards, this was relatively restrained but in many ways this approach worked, integrating with the tautness of what was to come.
György Ligeti Musica ricerata no 2 Mesto, rigido e ceremoniale is skeletal. It was written in 1950 when such modern, innovative expression could get you thrown in prison under the Communist regime. Spare textures, quirkiness, music heard in the mind rather than as public consumption. Even the deremonial procession's secretive, sketched in outlines for the listener to flesh out. Jonathan Nott conducted the Berlin Philharmonic in the seminal Ligeti Project for Teldec some years ago. It was his finest moment. Sometimes his work is mixed, but at this Prom he was good.
Good Proms coverage for George Benjamin's Duet (2008) first heard at Lucerne in 2009. and later at Aldeburgh the same year. It's a new departure for Benjamin, his first piece for piano and orchestra. Benjamin’s own notes describe it succinctly. “The piano has an enormous pitch compass and is capable of accumulating complex resonating harmonies, but each note begins to decay as soon as it it is sounded. On the other hand, stringed and wind instruments can sustain and mould their notes after the initial attack”. Thus Benjamin tries to find common ground, restricting the pitch range of the piano, avoiding the higher registers where decay occurs quickly. Percussion, harp and pizzicato create attenuated sounds that meet the piano on its own ground.
The piano part isn’t elaborately flamboyant: rather it’s spare, single notes occurring in series, like flurries. It evoked the movement of birds – short, quick jerks expanding into flourish as they take flight. Duet for piano and Orchestra is a different kind of concertante, where soloist and orchestra don’t interact in the usual way, but observe each other, so to speak. Then, with a punchy crescendo, it’s over. Benjamin’s music often sounds pointilliste, like detailed embroidery, but here there’s sharpness in design, and clarity of direction.
Piano and orchestra warily stalk each other's moves, so Duet is a kind of furtive, circulating dance. Excellent introduction to Ravel's danses macabres. First, Valses nobles et sentimentales, intelligently played, favouring the noblesse. Then, in apposite contrast, the relatively little heard Miroirs – Une barque sur l'océan and La valse, so famous that it's basic repertoire.
Hearing them together enhanced Miroirs. It made me think of the Flying Dutchman, not Wagner, but the haunted soul doomed to sail the high seas. The moments of calm seemed eerie. La Valse of course isn't Johann Strauss. It's haunted too, by the horrors of war. A fine performance from Nott and the BBCSO, though not, perhaps as savage as it might have been, but plenty good anyway..
György Ligeti Musica ricerata no 2 Mesto, rigido e ceremoniale is skeletal. It was written in 1950 when such modern, innovative expression could get you thrown in prison under the Communist regime. Spare textures, quirkiness, music heard in the mind rather than as public consumption. Even the deremonial procession's secretive, sketched in outlines for the listener to flesh out. Jonathan Nott conducted the Berlin Philharmonic in the seminal Ligeti Project for Teldec some years ago. It was his finest moment. Sometimes his work is mixed, but at this Prom he was good.
Good Proms coverage for George Benjamin's Duet (2008) first heard at Lucerne in 2009. and later at Aldeburgh the same year. It's a new departure for Benjamin, his first piece for piano and orchestra. Benjamin’s own notes describe it succinctly. “The piano has an enormous pitch compass and is capable of accumulating complex resonating harmonies, but each note begins to decay as soon as it it is sounded. On the other hand, stringed and wind instruments can sustain and mould their notes after the initial attack”. Thus Benjamin tries to find common ground, restricting the pitch range of the piano, avoiding the higher registers where decay occurs quickly. Percussion, harp and pizzicato create attenuated sounds that meet the piano on its own ground.
The piano part isn’t elaborately flamboyant: rather it’s spare, single notes occurring in series, like flurries. It evoked the movement of birds – short, quick jerks expanding into flourish as they take flight. Duet for piano and Orchestra is a different kind of concertante, where soloist and orchestra don’t interact in the usual way, but observe each other, so to speak. Then, with a punchy crescendo, it’s over. Benjamin’s music often sounds pointilliste, like detailed embroidery, but here there’s sharpness in design, and clarity of direction.
Piano and orchestra warily stalk each other's moves, so Duet is a kind of furtive, circulating dance. Excellent introduction to Ravel's danses macabres. First, Valses nobles et sentimentales, intelligently played, favouring the noblesse. Then, in apposite contrast, the relatively little heard Miroirs – Une barque sur l'océan and La valse, so famous that it's basic repertoire.
Hearing them together enhanced Miroirs. It made me think of the Flying Dutchman, not Wagner, but the haunted soul doomed to sail the high seas. The moments of calm seemed eerie. La Valse of course isn't Johann Strauss. It's haunted too, by the horrors of war. A fine performance from Nott and the BBCSO, though not, perhaps as savage as it might have been, but plenty good anyway..
Hiroshima and Nagasaki Exhibition, London
Sixty-five years ago on Friday, atomic bombs landed on Hiroshima, then on Nagasaki. These towns were not military targets. Most of those killed were children, women and the elderly. "The world's worst terrorist attack".
An exhibition commemorating Hiroshima and Nagasaki opens this week in London. See some of the objects HERE. Simple objects, like a blouse a girl sewed herself from her mum's old kimono. Her mother had to rip it off because the girl, no more than a child, was covered in burns. A survivor will be speaking, too, There aren't many left after 65 years, though many have been born since with birth defects and cancers..
What has been learned? When Tony bLiar can hoodwink a nation into war on flimsy evidence yet come out shining with glory, any morality? On 9/11, those who were trapped sent out messages of love, not hate. It was intensely beautiful: hope rising from the ruins. Instead, Iraq, the Vietnam quagmire again, on a bigger scale. Maybe our worst enemies are not outsiders at all.
In 1918, revenge against Germany set the scenario in which Hitler came to power. In 1945, some lessons were learned. Madness muliplies easily. Breaking the cycle of hate is more difficult. Read more about the exhibition HERE on the Society of Friends website.
An exhibition commemorating Hiroshima and Nagasaki opens this week in London. See some of the objects HERE. Simple objects, like a blouse a girl sewed herself from her mum's old kimono. Her mother had to rip it off because the girl, no more than a child, was covered in burns. A survivor will be speaking, too, There aren't many left after 65 years, though many have been born since with birth defects and cancers..
What has been learned? When Tony bLiar can hoodwink a nation into war on flimsy evidence yet come out shining with glory, any morality? On 9/11, those who were trapped sent out messages of love, not hate. It was intensely beautiful: hope rising from the ruins. Instead, Iraq, the Vietnam quagmire again, on a bigger scale. Maybe our worst enemies are not outsiders at all.
In 1918, revenge against Germany set the scenario in which Hitler came to power. In 1945, some lessons were learned. Madness muliplies easily. Breaking the cycle of hate is more difficult. Read more about the exhibition HERE on the Society of Friends website.
Henk Neven Marlin Christensson Wolf Brahms Proms
Introducing Dutch baritone Henk Neven! Listen to the chamber music Prom PCM3 and hear why he's hot. BBC New Generation Artists are plentiful these days, and some are sadly not very good. Henk Neven, though, is a discovery with genuine potential.
Listen to the way he launches into four of Brahms's Heine Settings. He can be confident because he knows how to use his voice to make them work. What a bounce he puts into Es liebt sich so lieblich im Lenze! The voice is weighty, yet leaps upwards, decorating the word Nachtigall so it flies, like the bird. He's a little more occluded for Sommerabend, but opens his chest, breathing well into Mondenschein. He's still young, and needs polishing but the basic material is there.
Neven's just won the major Dutch Music Prize and has the support of a Borletti-Buitoni Fellowship. BBC Young Generation Artists get maximum exposure, but other awards develop their abilities better. I first heard Neven in June 2008, as Frère Léon in Messiaen's St François D'Assise in Amsterdam, in the wonderful Holland Festival production, conducted by Ingo Metzmacher, which later that year came to the Proms. There's lots on this site about this opera and composer, follow the labels. Neven was the eager young monk who follows the saint around though he can't quite understand what makes him tick. Frère Léon is a demanding role, but Neven was so good I had no idea how young he was in real life.
Read more about Henk Neven on his very professional-looking website, which has audio samples. His agents are Intermusica (photo credit: Marco Borggreve).
Malin Christensson is also a BBC Young Generation Artist, getting top level exposure at the Proms. She's given recitals at the Wigmore Hall and has recently recorded Werther with Villazon and Garanča, singing Sophie. Read more about her HERE on the Askonas Holt site (photo credit: Sussie Ahlburg).
At this Prom, she sang Alban Berg's Seven Early Songs, an ambitious choice, for even early Berg is an undertaking which singers grow into. Hugo Wolf's Italienische Liederbuch, however, is a gift for Christensson's light, airy charms. Here, she can sing the coquette in Auch kleine Dinge, stretching her lines playfully to emphasize how small her lover is. She sings the cheeky last line doch eben nicht in dich from Du denkst mit einem Fädchen with lively spirit. Then O wüßtest du, where she negotiates the high tessitura."Der Himmel" indeed.
Listen to Hank Neven sing some of the more subtle songs, like Schon streckt' ich aus im Bett. The piano sounds deliberately insouciant, like a lute. But listen to the words, which have darker meaning. Wolf's settings do favour the male voice for depth of feeling. The encores were best of all, Christensson singing the witty Ich hab' in Penna, and Neven Ihr seid die Allerschönste. And Wolf wouldn't be Wolf without the wonderful piano commentary, ably played by Hans Eijsackers.
Because this year is the 150th anniversary of Hugo Wolf's birth, we'll be hearing more of the Italienische Liederbuch, but surprisingly Wolf isn't getting nearly as much attention as he deserves.
Listen to the way he launches into four of Brahms's Heine Settings. He can be confident because he knows how to use his voice to make them work. What a bounce he puts into Es liebt sich so lieblich im Lenze! The voice is weighty, yet leaps upwards, decorating the word Nachtigall so it flies, like the bird. He's a little more occluded for Sommerabend, but opens his chest, breathing well into Mondenschein. He's still young, and needs polishing but the basic material is there.
Neven's just won the major Dutch Music Prize and has the support of a Borletti-Buitoni Fellowship. BBC Young Generation Artists get maximum exposure, but other awards develop their abilities better. I first heard Neven in June 2008, as Frère Léon in Messiaen's St François D'Assise in Amsterdam, in the wonderful Holland Festival production, conducted by Ingo Metzmacher, which later that year came to the Proms. There's lots on this site about this opera and composer, follow the labels. Neven was the eager young monk who follows the saint around though he can't quite understand what makes him tick. Frère Léon is a demanding role, but Neven was so good I had no idea how young he was in real life.
Read more about Henk Neven on his very professional-looking website, which has audio samples. His agents are Intermusica (photo credit: Marco Borggreve).
Malin Christensson is also a BBC Young Generation Artist, getting top level exposure at the Proms. She's given recitals at the Wigmore Hall and has recently recorded Werther with Villazon and Garanča, singing Sophie. Read more about her HERE on the Askonas Holt site (photo credit: Sussie Ahlburg).
At this Prom, she sang Alban Berg's Seven Early Songs, an ambitious choice, for even early Berg is an undertaking which singers grow into. Hugo Wolf's Italienische Liederbuch, however, is a gift for Christensson's light, airy charms. Here, she can sing the coquette in Auch kleine Dinge, stretching her lines playfully to emphasize how small her lover is. She sings the cheeky last line doch eben nicht in dich from Du denkst mit einem Fädchen with lively spirit. Then O wüßtest du, where she negotiates the high tessitura."Der Himmel" indeed.
Listen to Hank Neven sing some of the more subtle songs, like Schon streckt' ich aus im Bett. The piano sounds deliberately insouciant, like a lute. But listen to the words, which have darker meaning. Wolf's settings do favour the male voice for depth of feeling. The encores were best of all, Christensson singing the witty Ich hab' in Penna, and Neven Ihr seid die Allerschönste. And Wolf wouldn't be Wolf without the wonderful piano commentary, ably played by Hans Eijsackers.
Because this year is the 150th anniversary of Hugo Wolf's birth, we'll be hearing more of the Italienische Liederbuch, but surprisingly Wolf isn't getting nearly as much attention as he deserves.
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